美媒析香港缘何成全球最长寿地区：城市绿化好 家庭重孝道
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[????????]- ↑ "South Asia :: Pakistan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency"? cia.gov? ???????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Kiani, Khaleeq (?? ?? ????)? "CCI defers approval of census results until elections"? Dawn? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
On the national level, Pashto stood second with 18.24pc population reporting it as mother tongue...
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "CIA - The World Factbook -- Afghanistan"? umsl.edu?
- ↑ Ali, Arshad (?? ??????????? ????)? "Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan's great granddaughter seeks citizenship for 'Phastoons' in India"? Daily News and Analysis? ???????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????
Interacting with mediapersons on Wednesday, Yasmin, the president of All India Pakhtoon Jirga-e-Hind, said that there were 32 lakh Phastoons in the country who were living and working in India but were yet to get citizenship.
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Frontier Gandhi's granddaughter urges Centre to grant citizenship to Pathans"? The News International? ?? ??????????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India? "LANGUAGE INDIA, STATES AND UNION TERRITORIES (Table C-16)" (PDF)? Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ?????? ???: ???????? ?????? (?????) ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "United Arab Emirates: Demography" (PDF)? Encyclop?dia Britannica World Data? Encyclop?dia Britannica Online? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
{{???????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ 42% of 200,000 Afghan Americans = 84,000 and 15% of 363,699 Pakistani Americans = 54,554. Total Afghan and Pakistani Pashtuns in USA = 138,554.
- ↑ ? ? "Ethnologue report for Southern Pashto: Iran (1993)"? SIL International? Ethnologue: Languages of the World? ???????? ????? ? ?? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Maclean, William (?? ??? ????)? "Support for Taliban dives among British Pashtuns"? Reuters? ???????? ????? ? ????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Relations between Afghanistan and Germany ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????: Germany is now home to almost 90,000 people of Afghan origin. 42% of 90,000 = 37,800
- ↑ "Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada"? 2.statcan.ca? ????? ? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Perepis.ru"? perepis2002.ru (??? ??????)? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "20680-Ancestry (full classification list) by Sex – Australia"? 2006 Census? Australian Bureau of Statistics? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? (Microsoft Excel download) ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) Total responses: 25,451,383 for total count of persons: 19,855,288. - ↑ "Pashtuns in malaysia"? Northern Pashtuns in Malaysia?
- ↑ "V?est? 31.12. muuttujina Maakunta, Kieli, Ik?, Sukupuoli, Vuosi ja Tiedot"? Tilastokeskuksen PX-Web tietokannat?[??????????? ???????? ?????]
- ↑ Williams, Victoria; Taylor, Ken (????)? Etiquette and Taboos around the World: A Geographic Encyclopedia of Social and cultural customs (?????? ??????)? ABC CLIO? ??. ???? ???????? ???-???????????
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Nyrop, Richard F; Seekins, Donald M (????)? Afghanistan: A Country Study by United States Department of the Army (?????? ??????)? United States Department of the Army, American University? ??. ????
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Ali, Tariq (????)? The clash of fundamentalisms: crusades, jihads and modernity? Verso? ??. ??? ???????? ???-?-?????-???-?? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
The friends from Peshawar would speak of Hindu and Sikh Pashtuns who had migrated to India. In the tribal areas – the no man's land between Afghanistan and Pakistan – quite a few Hindus stayed on and were protected by the tribal codes. The same was true in Afghanistan itself (till the mujahidin and the Taliban arrived).
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Haider, Suhasini (? ??????????? ????)? "Tattooed 'blue-skinned' Hindu Pushtuns look back at their roots"? The Hindu? ???????? ????? ? ??????????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Khan, Naimat (?? ??? ????)? "70 years on, one Pashtun town still safeguards its old Hindu-Muslim brotherhood"? Arab News?
The meat-eating Hindu Pashtuns are a little known tribe in India even today, with a distinct culture carried forward from Afghanistan and Balochistan which includes blue tattoos on the faces of the women, traditional Pashtun dancing and clothes heavily adorned with coins and embroidery.
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Eusufzye, Khan Shehram (????)? "Two identities, twice the pride: The Pashtun Sikhs of Nankana Saheb"? Pakistan Today? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
One can sense a diminutive yet charming cultural amalgamation in certain localities within the town with the settling of around 250 Pashtun Sikh families in the city.
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????)
Ruchi Kumar, The decline of Afghanistan's Hindu and Sikh communities, Al Jazeera, 2025-08-05, "the culture among Afghan Hindus is predominantly Pashtun"
Beena Sarwar, Finding lost heritage, Himal, 2025-08-05, "Singh also came across many non turban-wearing followers of Guru Nanak in Pakistan, all of Pashtun origin and from the Khyber area."
Sonia Dhami, Sikh Religious Heritage – My visit to Lehenda Punjab ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ??????, Indica News, 2025-08-05, "Nankana Sahib is also home to the largest Sikh Pashtun community, many of whom have migrated from the North West Frontier Provinces, renamed Khyber-Pakhtunwa."
Neha, Pak misusing Durand Line to facilitate terrorists, says Pashtun, Siasat Daily, 2025-08-05, "The members of the Pashtun and Afghan Sikh community living in Europe and UK have gathered in Geneva"
Sabrina Toppa, Despite border tensions, Indian Sikhs celebrate festival in Pakistan, TRT World, 2025-08-05, "Hasanabdal is home to around 200 Sikh families that have primarily moved from Pakistan’s Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, including Pakistan’s former tribal areas. The majority are Pashtun Sikhs who abandoned their homes and took refuge near Sikhism’s historical sites." - ↑ Center, Missions Advanced Research and Communication (????)? South Asia (?????? ??????)? Missions Advanced Research and Communication Center? ???????? ???-?-??????-??-??
The major ity of Afghanistan ' s people are Pashtuns or Tajiks, both of Persian origin
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Tyagi, Vidya Prakash (????)? Martial races of undivided India (?????? ??????)? Gyan Publishing House? ???????? ???-??-????-???-??
The ancestry of the Pashtuns are eastern Iranian
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Indian Defence Review (?????? ??????)? Lancer International? ?????
the Pashtuns and Balochis [...] the two Iranian tribal groups dominate the ...
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Inc, IBP (????-??-??)? Afghanistan Labor Policy, Laws and Regulations Handbook: Strategic Information and Regulations (?????? ??????)? Lulu.com? ???????? ???-?-????-????-??
The majority of Afghanistan's population consist of the Iranian peoples, notably the Pashtuns and Tajiks.
{{?? ???????}}:|??????=???????????? ?????? ??? ?????? (???????)??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Minahan, James B. (?? ??????????? ????)? Ethnic Groups of North, East, and Central Asia: An Encyclopedia? ABC-CLIO? ???????? ????????????? – Google Books ?? ????????
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Bodetti, Austin? "What will happen to Afghanistan's national languages?"? alaraby?
- ↑ Chiovenda, Andrea (????-??-??)? Crafting Masculine Selves: Culture, War, and Psychodynamics in Afghanistan (?????? ??????)? Oxford University Press? ???????? ???-?-??-??????-??
Niamatullah knew Persian very well, as all the educated Pashtuns generally do in Afghanistan
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Hindu Society and English Rule"? The Westminster Review (English ??????)? ??? (213–214)? The Leonard Scott Publishing Company: ???? ?????
Hindustani had arisen as a lingua franca from the intercourse of the Persian-speaking Pathans with the Hindi-speaking Hindus.
{{???????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ???????? ???? (?????) ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Hakala, Walter N. (????)? "Languages as a Key to Understanding Afghanistan's Cultures" (PDF) (?????? ??????)? National Geographic? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? (PDF) ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
In the 1980s and '90s, at least three million Afghans--mostly Pashtun--fled to Pakistan, where a substantial number spent several years being exposed to Hindi- and Urdu-language media, especially Bollywood films and songs, and being educated in Urdu-language schools, both of which contributed to the decline of Dari, even among urban Pashtuns.
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Dalal, Mangal (? ????????? ????)? "When men were men"? The Indian Express? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
She's a Pathan girl who speaks Hindi and Urdu well and was spectacular in the screen test. It was pure luck.
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Misdaq, Nabi (????)? Afghanistan: Political Frailty and Foreign Interference (?????? ??????)? Routledge?
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Hybrid Census to Generate Spatially-disaggregated Population Estimat"? United Nations world data form? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Northern Pashtun in United Arab Emirates"? Joshua project?
- ↑ "Afghanistan - The World Factbook"? www.cia.gov? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Pakistan - The World Factbook"? www.cia.gov? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Kiani, Khaleeq (?? ?? ????)? "CCI defers approval of census results until elections"? Dawn? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
On the national level, Pushto stood second with 18.24pc population reporting it as mother tongue...
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "What Languages Are Spoken In Pakistan?"? World atlas?
- ↑ Romano, Amy (????)? A Historical Atlas of Afghanistan? The Rosen Publishing Group? ??. ??? ???????? ?-????-????-?? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Syed Saleem Shahzad (?? ??????? ????)? "Profiles of Pakistan's Seven Tribal Agencies"? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????)